열왕기하 24:9의 주석

וַיַּ֥עַשׂ הָרַ֖ע בְּעֵינֵ֣י יְהוָ֑ה כְּכֹ֥ל אֲשֶׁר־עָשָׂ֖ה אָבִֽיו׃

여호야긴이 그 부친의 모든 행위를 본받아 여호와 보시기에 악을 행하였더라

Metzudat David on II Kings

after 3 years.

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Metzudat David on II Kings

He awoken the hearts of the armies of the Chaldeans etc..., so that they will bring war to Judah.

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Metzudat David on II Kings

According to the [extended] timespan of the events, therefore it went back and said "He sent them", for this was typical (grammar) for scriptures.

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Rashi on II Kings

Indeed, it was by the order of Adonoy. All the calamity that befell Yehudah through these bands.¹I.e., all the calamity had been preordained from the time of Menashe's reign.—Radak

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Ralbag on II Kings

and the LORD would not pardon: This means that even though Menasseh repented, God was not willing to forgive his spilling of innocent blood. And it would seem that this included servants of the Lord - that he killed Isaiah son of Amoz because of how he reproached him. And thus our teachers of blessed memory said that Menasseh killed Isaiah.

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Rashi on II Kings

Yehoyakim lay with his forefathers. [He did] not die in his bed, for Nevuchadnetzar bound him with chains to take him to Bavel, and when they were dragging him he died in their hands,²Scripture therefore, does not mention his burial. There are several different opinions surrounding the circumstances of Yehoyakim's death and burial. See Vayikra Rabboh 19:6. as it is stated, ”With the burial of a donkey will he be buried, dragged and thrown,”³Yirmiyahu 22:19. and in Divrei Hayomim it is written⁴II Divrei Hayomim 36:6. The verse there states, “Nevuchadnetzar king of Bavel attacked him [Yehoyakim] and bound him in chains to take him to Bavel.” that Nevuchadnetzar bound him to take him to Bavel.

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Rashi on II Kings

Left his land. To aid Yehoyakim.

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Metzudat David on II Kings

To anoint a king over Judah just like he anointed Yehoyakim

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Ralbag on II Kings

And the king of Egypt came not again any more out of his land: This is said to remark that God took vengeance against him for Josiah, whom he killed when he went up to fight near the river Euphrates.

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Rashi on II Kings

For the king of Bavel had taken, etc. For he defeated him in battle in the fourth year of Yehoyakim in Charchemish on the Euphrates River, as it is written in the Book of Yirmiyohu.⁵46:2.

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Metzudat David on II Kings

they built ramparts around it to conquer it, just like it appears in the verse Deuteronomy 20:20 "and you shall build fortifications..." and it is called 'matzor' because it besieges and distresses the nation that is in it.

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Metzudat David on II Kings

They surround them to besiege the nation.

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Rashi on II Kings

Yehoyachin king of Yehudah, came out to the king of Bavel. That he do to him as he wishes, and not for war.⁶Nevuchadnetzar, at this time, did not come to destroy Yerusholayim. He only demanded that Yehoyachin be handed over to him. See Vayikra Rabboh 19:6.

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Metzudat David on II Kings

Gave himself up so he could do what he wanted, thinking that he would have compassion on him because of his surrender.

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Ralbag on II Kings

And Jehoiachin the king of Judah went out to the king of Babylon: This means that he went out during the King of Babylon's siege, when they heard that he had come there, to make peace with him and to place his neck under his yoke. But he (the King of Babylon) didn't want to make peace with him, so he exiled him to Babylon - him, and his mother, and his servants, and his princes, and his officers, in the eighth year of rather reign of Nebuchadnezzar, King of Babylon - seven full years had passed for him.

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Metzudat David on II Kings

cut off and peeled the gold from the vessels

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Rashi on II Kings

Craftsmen and gatekeepers. [Targum] Yonoson rendered the craftsmen and the sentries of the gates. But, our Rabbis said that these were great Torah scholars,⁷I.e., “craftsmen and gatekeepers” is a metaphoric allusion to Torah scholars. See Maseches Sanhedrin 38a. that when one would begin [to speak], all remained silent [=חרש], as it is written, “Be silent before Me, O islands.”⁸Yeshayohu 41:1. ”מסגר” [is one who] all sit before him and learn from him, as it is stated, ”And he will open, and no one will close, and he will close, and no one will open.”⁹Ibid 22:22. ¹⁰See Maseches Gittin 88a.

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Metzudat David on II Kings

And in Jeremiah it says that the [exiled] Jews were 3,023 persons?! And [Yet] it meant to say: 'This calculation was regarding the population of Judah ', And the remainder were from the children of Benjamin and the rest of the tribes which lived in Jerusalem, and that's why it says somewhere else '7000', so that altogether they were 10,000, and they did not care to include the other 23 that were mentioned in Jeremiah.

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Ralbag on II Kings

and all the craftsmen and the smiths:

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Rashi on II Kings

And the dignitaries of the land. These are the dignitaries of Yehudah and Binyomin, who were righteous men. Concerning them Scripture states, ”Like these good figs, so will I recognize the exiles of Yehudah.”¹¹Yirmiyahu 24:5.

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Rashi on II Kings

Seven thousand. But above he states, “ten thousand.”¹²Above, v. 14. The third verse comes to reconcile [the difference], in the Book of Yirmiyohu, ”This is the people whom Nevuchadnetzar exiled in the seventh year, three thousand Jews.”¹³Yirmiyahu 52:28. The verse there states, “three thousand and twenty-three Jews.” We deduce from here that three thousand were of the tribe of Yehudah and seven thousand were of Binyomin and the other tribes. Also in Seder Olam we learned this.

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Metzudat David on II Kings

Referring to the soldiers, not about the tradesmen and the gate guards.

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Rashi on II Kings

And changed his name to Tzidkiyohu. May God justify the judgment upon you if you rebel against me.¹⁴See Maseches Horiyos 11b.

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Rashi on II Kings

Indeed the wrath of Adonoy was, etc. Therefore, Tzidkiyohu rebelled against the king of Bavel. The Holy One, Blessed Is He, gave him the desire to rebel against him in order that he would be exiled.¹⁵God incited Tzidkiyohu to rebel in order to exile the Bnei Yisroel from Eretz Yisroel.

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Metzudat David on II Kings

Since the wrath of Hashem in Jerusalem and in Yehuda became great, until the point when he cast them away from his face, and for this reason he roused the heart of Tzedkiah to rebel against the King of Bavel so that there will be a reason to cast them away from his face.

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